Our paper titled Antiquities and Modernity: A Musicological Anamnesis of Antigone stems from a collaboration that can be traced back to Greece, in 2017, on the occasion of the inauguration of the Academy of Cultural Heritages, presided over by Eero Tarasti. The article situates itself as the final moment of a trilogy of studies on Opera and Western art music related to the myth of Oedipus. More specifically, the trilogy tackles issues familiar to clinical diagnostics, one of the key concepts of semiotics since Hippocrates, and the Oedipus complex. Moreover, the trilogy aims at a comprehension of how art depicts the pathological, thus making art a complement to clinical knowledge and vice versa. In addition, being dedicated to the 40th anniversary of the Musical Signification Project, the paper recalls Lawrence Kramer, whose first book on New Musicology was published in 1984 and marked a renewed interest in Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalysis for the study of musical meaning. Nonetheless, studies in music and psychoanalysis can be found since at least 1900, when Max Graf, guided by Freud, wrote about Richard Wagner through a psychoanalytic lens. To conclude the trilogy that began with Oedipus Goes to the Opera, this study on Antigone observes how it became one of the key pieces of Greek cultural heritage in German Romanticism and throughout Europe. A closing discussion of Mikis Theodorakis’ Antigone and a composition by one of the authors alludes to more recent trends in Greek music, with Antigone remaining a relevant topic for contemporary composers.