The social and literary dimension of vulnerability helps us locate and comprehend the complexity of human relationships that are signified through the interplay of social and literary signifiers which this paper promises to study with the help of the Tamil novel, Koogai, by Cho.Dharman. Published by Kalacchuvadu, the text is popularly known for employing metaphor-based signifiers drawn from the daily life associated with agriculture-based life. The metaphor-based signifiers used in this text are not merely based on their implicit comparison of analogy, or textual imaginaries that do not have relevance in the realities, rather they are drawn from the intersections of social and literary realities. The signifiers found in the text are not for expressing the concept of vulnerability either in an eloquent way or to give an effective rhetorical dimension to it for creating a political discourse, but they are used to conceptualize both the literary and social realities and also for making these realities as meaningful within the social and political discourses. Set in the 1960s during the Jamindari period, it attempts to conceptualize the concept of vulnerability, as a way to express the social consciousness of the marginalized communities due to the social changes, by creating and contesting different signifiers which perform multiple roles and responsibilities in and outside the text. One such powerful signifier is the owl (koogai) and the author has utilized it as a powerful signifying object, not merely with one dimensional, but rather in its binary oppositions of concepts/ideas.