Stories shape our environment, and we can easily see cultural narratives reflected in the alleys of Mashhad, Iran. These alleys inspire art and literature in Iran, acting as a canvas where cultural stories can be read like a book. This research investigates the cultural resilience and sustainability of the old alleys in Mashhad.Employing a methodological approach that involves walking through the alleys to gather data and analyzing it through Peirce's semiotic theory, specifically his third sign trichotomy—icon, index, and symbol—and his doctrine of pragmatism, the study explores the cultural significance embedded within these historic spaces and their role in preserving cultural heritage. The structural alterations in these alleys pose challenges to Mashhad's cultural stability, impacting the identities of its residents.Focused on Mashhad's old city, the research aims to identify and interpret ornamental signs present on the edges of the alleys. Drawing from primary data, historical sources, and documents, the study emphasizes the importance of visual communication in conveying the richness of urban heritage and fostering continuity.Through a detailed exploration of Eidgah Alley, Siyabon Alley, and Hamam Bagh Alley, the research identifies challenges and opportunities for cultural sustainability within Mashhad's old city. It underscores the importance of preserving cultural heritage and recognizing cultural symbols and practices that contribute to the identity of the city's residents. By acknowledging the dynamic nature of cultural interpretation and the evolving significance of cultural signs, the paper offers insights into strategies for safeguarding cultural resilience amid urban transition.