Inner speech is a silent “subjective experience of language” (Alderson-Day, Fernyhough 2015: 931) involved in various cognitive functions such as “planning, problem-solving, self-motivating, reading, writing, calculating and autobiographical memory […] thinking and […] consciousness, self-awareness and self-regulation” (Perrone-Bertolotti et al., 2014: 221) and meaning-making (Fadeev 2022). While the methodological advancements in psychology, neuroscience and semiotics provided new understandings on how one experiences internal language (Fossa 2022), being a process “with no overt behavioral manifestation” (Alderson-Day & Fernyhough, 2015: 934) it still holds a lot of unexplored and provides challenges for the researchers. The scientific literature still struggles in providing a holistic picture of internal communication. The presentation provides the results of the author’s publication (Fadeev 2023) that critically addresses the recent inner speech research and emphasises the role of semiotics in contributing to the ongoing inner speech studies. As a result, the publication outlines several necessary directions and identifies important challenges for the current inner speech research endeavours from a semiotic perspective, proposing possible approaches for potential overcoming of the challenges. The paper addresses first and foremost the current understanding of the syntactics, content and experience of internal self-talk. Secondly, it discusses the relations between the spread of digital culture with the shift in cultural communication processes and our inner communication. The paper also argues that inner speech being an interplay between culture and cognition leads us towards the search for new methodological approaches that would encompass the intrinsic cognitive nature of inner speech together with its deep cultural genesis.