Presenter offers an analysis of: - how ethnographers in 19th century coped with linguistic and ideological challenges describing societal transitions and changes regarding nationalization, secularization, emancipation; - how authors understood, perceived, articulated, and represented these shifts, and how they used linguistic strategies, rhetorical narrative traditions, and how they were framed by ideological biases.The focus of analysis of the ethnographic texts describing three centers - cities (Trieste, Klagenfurt, Ljubljana) and surrounding areas is the thematisation of authors' linguistic coping mechanisms in navigating societal changes and how they use rhetoric and narrative devices to convey shifting cultural landscapes and individual experiences. For the research is important the tension between authors' perceptions and constructions of reality, whether authors accurately perceived societal changes or whether they constructed idealized images.However, it is also necessary to explore the role of rhetorical narrative traditions in shaping authors' works. To understand how authors developed their stories we analyze narrative techniques, such as framing, characterization, and plot development; further the ideological underpinnings of authors' works and consider how these influenced their interpretations of reality. Through this interdisciplinary lens it is possible to get more balanced analysis of Central European discourse in the 19th century, illuminating the complex interplay between linguistic and ideological dimensions and a deeper understanding of how authors coped with and interpreted the complexities of their historical contexts.